Infectious diseases like HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) and AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) have had a significant global impact on public health. HIV is a viral infection that attacks the immune system, weakening the body’s ability to fight off infections and diseases. Left untreated, HIV can progress to AIDS, a more advanced stage of the infection. AIDS is characterized by severe immune system damage and a heightened susceptibility to opportunistic infections and cancers.