Grave’s disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by an overactive thyroid gland, leading to hyperthyroidism. Named after the Irish physician Robert Graves who first described it in the 19th century, this condition results from the immune system mistakenly attacking the thyroid gland, causing it to produce excessive amounts of thyroid hormones. This hormonal imbalance can manifest in a range of symptoms, including weight loss, rapid heartbeat, tremors, fatigue, and eye problems such as bulging eyes (exophthalmos).